同學學英文，一定遇過老師台上講
"這就是名詞子句......"
"接下來要接形容詞子句讓句子完整....."
"副詞子句是用來表達因果關係....."
頭昏了嗎?
這邊我們就來個個擊破，幫你釐清子句的觀念
子句的結構
這邊要釐清一個觀念，子句也是一個句子
也就是說，它有基本句子的架構(主詞+動詞)
但有的子句能完整表達意思，所以叫做主要子句
有的子句需要附著在其他句子後，叫做從屬子句
這篇，我們就先來聊聊名詞子句
首先，我們要先了解子句的用途
名詞子句的用途
我們可以把名詞子句當作一個名詞，因此，名詞能做的
它都能做。也就是說，名詞子句可以是
主詞、受詞、或是be動詞後的補語
你能分辨以下幾句的名詞子句是誰，以及它們的作用嗎?
I know that he is going to a movie tonight.
Where Tom goes tonight is the main question.
The problem is that no one knows where he is.
(反白看答案)
1. that he is going to a movie tonight. (受詞)
2. Where Tom goes tonig(主詞)
3. that no one knows where he is. (be動詞補語)
接下來，我們要看看名詞子句的種類(共3個)
1. that 子句
由that開頭當主詞的句子，就是that子句
I don't like his speech. (句子)
That I don't like his speech (子句，句子仍不完整)
That I don't like his speech is the truth.
(事實上我不喜歡他的演說)，也可以寫成
The truth is that I don't like his speech.
最大的不同是，當that在句首時，不能省略喔
但是在句中，常常看到that被省略
The truth is (that) I don't like his speech.
2. Whether 子句
用在yes/no問句(是否)中，當作名詞子句用在詢問
a. 有be動詞時，主詞與be動詞不再倒裝
Are you a student? (句子)
whether you are a student (子句)
I don't know whether you are a student. (or not) (直述問句)
b. 助動詞問句，主詞與助動詞不再倒裝
Will you help me with my homework? (句子)
whether you will help me with my home work (子句)
Mom wants to know whether you will help me with my homework (or not) (直述問句)
c. 助動詞是 do/does/did時，刪除do/does/did並不再倒裝
Did he go to class? (句子)
whether he went to class (子句)--注意時態依造原劇的did，用went
The police asked whether he went to class (or not) (直述問句)
3. 疑問詞子句 (when/where/why/what/how)
用法等同於此whethere子句
What is his name? (句子)
what his name is (子句)
I don't know what his name is. (be動詞出現，不倒裝)
Where can he buy the book? (句子)
where he can buy the book (子句)
I don't know where he can buy the book. (助動詞出現，不倒裝)
What did he say? (句子)
what he said (子句)
I don't know what he said. (do/does/did刪除，不倒裝，時態須相同)
疑問詞 who/what/which當主詞時，結構不變
Who did this? (句子)
I don't know who did this. (即使有do，結構不變)
What happened here? (句子)
I don't know what happened here. (即使有do，結構不變)
Which was taken? (句子)
I don't know which was taken. (即使有was，結構不變)
<題目練習>
1. This typhoon is so terrible. B: Yes, I’m not sure _____we can go fishing tomorrow.
(A) who (B) what (C) which (D) whether
2. I don’t know_________
(A) who is the man standing at the door. (B) who the man is standing at the door
(C) who the man at the door is standing (D) who the man standing at the door is.
3. No one knows ________.
(A) what Tom happened yesterday (B) what time is it
(C) whom should I talk to (D) how this could happen
4. Do you know __________?
(A) whose cell phone is it (B) which cell phone is better
(C) how often does the bus run (D) how long have you played online games
5.A: I haven’t heard from Thomas for months. How is he doing?
B: Don’t you know _____he killed himself last week?
(A) where (B) whether (C) that (D) why
6. Patty overslept this morning. I don’t know _____she caught the first train.
(A) where (B) whether (C) that (D) why
7. A: Can you tell me _____the toy I bought for you was under the bad?
B: Sorry, Dad. I hid it.
(A) that (B) when (C) whether (D) why
8. I didn’t know ______when I was asked to speak English.
(A) what to do it (B) how to do (C) how to do it (D) whether to do
9. _______Harry can finish that report is not my business.
(A) Whether (B) If (C) That (D) As long as
10. Let me know _____one you want to take as a birthday present.
(A) which (B) what (C) whose (D) each
答案請反白以下兩行
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